Focus on a common SAT/ACT challenge: common words used in uncommon ways. Learn to identify the correct secondary or tertiary meaning based on the specific context provided.
What is a "multiple-meaning word" in the context of the SAT/ACT?
A common, everyday word (like 'run,' 'flat,' or 'nature') that is used in a less common or more academic way, testing your ability to move beyond the most obvious definition.
In the sentence, "The author's argument began to run out of steam," what does 'run' mean?
In this context, 'run' means to become depleted or exhausted, not to move quickly on foot.
"The board decided to table the motion until the next meeting." What does 'table' mean here?
In American English (used on the SAT/ACT), it means to postpone or suspend consideration of something. (Note: In British English, it means the opposite: to formally submit for discussion).
"She had a very plastic and adaptable personality, easily fitting in with any group." What does 'plastic' mean?
'Plastic' means easily shaped or molded; adaptable or malleable. It does not refer to the synthetic material.
"His claims were flatly denied by the committee." What does 'flatly' mean?
It means directly, bluntly, or without reservation. It doesn't relate to a level surface.
"The lawyer tried to compromise the integrity of the witness." What does 'compromise' mean here?
To undermine, damage, or bring into disrepute. This is a negative meaning, unlike its common usage of reaching an agreement.
"The critic appreciated the novel's spare, direct prose." What does 'direct' most nearly mean?
A) Straight
B) Honest
C) Unadorned
D) Guided
C) Unadorned. In the context of writing ('prose'), 'direct' means straightforward and without unnecessary ornamentation.
"The ecosystem was unable to check the spread of the invasive species." What does 'check' mean?
To stop, slow, or restrain the progress of something. It does not mean to examine or verify.
"His promotion was a matter of course." What does 'course' mean in this phrase?
It refers to the natural or expected order of events. The phrase 'a matter of course' means something is expected or normal.
"The police wanted to establish the facts of the case." What does 'establish' most nearly mean?
A) Found
B) Prove
C) Enact
D) Build
B) Prove. In this legal or investigative context, 'establish' means to determine or prove something to be true through evidence.
"The politician delivered a measured response to the reporter's question." What does 'measured' mean?
'Measured' means carefully considered, deliberate, and restrained. It does not relate to physical measurement.
"The quiet of the early morning was broken only by the lowing of cattle." What does 'low' or 'lowing' mean?
To make the deep, characteristic sound of cattle; to moo. It is not related to being at a small height.
"The heat began to tell on the marathon runners." What does 'tell on' mean?
To have a noticeable, often negative, effect on someone or something.
"He harbored a deep resentment for his former boss." What does 'harbored' mean?
To keep a thought or feeling, typically a negative one, in one's mind, especially secretly. It does not mean to provide shelter.
"The general's personality was marked by a certain gravity." What does 'gravity' mean?
Seriousness or solemnity. It does not refer to the physical force that attracts objects.
"The company was a champion of workers' rights." What does 'champion' mean?
To vigorously support or defend a person or cause. It does not mean a winner of a competition.
