Foundations: Separation of Powers & Checks and Balances
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Which Article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Executive Branch?
Article II.
Which Article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Judicial Branch?
Article III.
What is the principle of "Separation of Powers"?
It is a model of governance where the government is divided into distinct branches, each with separate and independent powers and responsibilities.
What are the three branches of the U.S. federal government?
The Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches.
What is the primary purpose of separating the powers of government?
To prevent the concentration of power in any single branch, thereby protecting against tyranny and abuse of power.
Which Enlightenment philosopher is most credited with developing the theory of separation of powers?
Baron de Montesquieu.
What is the system of "Checks and Balances"?
A system where each branch of government is given certain powers to limit or "check" the powers of the other branches, ensuring no single branch becomes too dominant.
How do Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances work together?
Separation of Powers divides authority among the branches, while Checks and Balances provides the tools for each branch to resist encroachment upon its power by the others.
Which Article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Legislative Branch?
